Section 703.2.3 of the International Building Code (IBC) specifies that fire-resistance-rated assemblies tested in accordance with ASTM E119 or UL 263 are not to be considered to be restrained unless evidence satisfactory to the building official is furnished by the registered design professional showing that the construction qualifies for a restrained classification in accordance with… read more
We all know the old saying: if it looks like a duck, walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be a duck. While that may hold true most of time, it’s not quite so clear when fire rated duct products are involved. In today’s competitive marketplace, many products have similar and… read more
Key Points Low power factor is generally associated with industrial machinery, but can also result from ballasted lighting or the current wave shape of non-linear loads. Some utilities impose low power factor penalties for mid- and large-size primary-metered service customers. UL does not evaluate or validate any manufacturer’s claims of energy usage reduction or energy… read more
With businesses and consumers looking for ways to cut their energy costs, the use of energy efficient light emitting diode (LED) technologies in new lighting equipment installations is on the rise. There is also a move underway to install LED retrofit kits in existing incandescent and fluorescent luminaires and signs as a less expensive alternative… read more
Article Focus This article focuses on membrane penetrations to protect electrical boxes in fire-resistance rated wall assemblies which are relied upon to help provide safety to life and property from fire, products of combustion, and similar hazards. In order to provide the anticipated hourly fire resistance rating these assemblies must be constructed and maintained in… read more
Providing thermal protection for fuel burning appliances Floor protectors, also referred to as hearth extensions, and wall shields are used in conjunction with heat producing appliances such as fireplaces, fireplace stoves, fireplace inserts, and solid-fuel type room heaters to protect adjacent combustible construction. Model codes include requirements covering the installation of these products. UL certifies… read more
Ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) have been in use for over 40 years, and have proven themselves to be invaluable in the protection of personnel from the hazard of electric shock. Other types of leakage current and ground fault protective devices have been introduced for various applications since the introduction of GFCIs. The use of some… read more
Many inspection authorities have questions regarding the proper application and installation of electric fire pumps and fire pump controllers. This article provides basic information on the five most common types of fire pump controllers — both their uses and limitations. Fire pump controllers These are control panels containing electrical components such as circuit… read more
We frequently receive inquiries from code officials about materials with UL 94 flammability ratings. The nature of the questions vary, but in general they involve whether a product or material with a UL 94 rating such as HB or V-0 is suitable for use in a model code application Let’s shed some light on what the… read more
What code authorities should know Recent editions of building and life safety codes include new requirements for egress path marking systems. Code authorities and designers often have questions about what these Listed systems are, and what is needed to achieve a safe, code-compliant installation. Egress path marking systems These systems include floor proximity… read more